The United States Spends Less Money on Federal Arts Funding Than Any Country in the European Union
| Submitted past | European Committee |
|---|---|
| Submitted to | Economical and Financial Affairs Quango |
| Parliament | European Parliament |
| Total revenue | €148.2 billion |
| Total expenditures | €148.2 billion |
The Eu has a budget to finance policies carried out at European level (such as agriculture, regional development, space, trans-European networks, enquiry and innovation, health, educational activity and culture, migration, border protection and humanitarian help).
The European Union upkeep is primarily an investment upkeep. Representing around 2% of all EU public spending, it aims to complement national budgets. Its purpose is to implement the priorities that all European union members accept agreed upon. Information technology provides European added-value by supporting actions which, in line with the principle of subsidiarity and proportionality, can be more constructive than deportment taken at national, regional or local level.
The EU has a long-term budget of €1,082.5 billion for the flow 2014–2020, representing ane.02% of the EU-28's GNI.[1] and of €1,074.3 billion for the 2021-2027 menstruation.[2] The long-term upkeep, besides called the Multiannual Financial Framework, is a 7-year spending plan, assuasive the European union to plan and invest in long-term projects.
Initially, the European union budget used to fund mainly agronomics. In the 1980s and 1990s, Fellow member States and the European Parliament broadened the scope of European union competences through changes in the Union's founding Treaties. Recognising the need to support the new single market place, they increased the resource available under the Structural Funds to support economic, social and territorial cohesion. In parallel, the Eu enhanced its part in areas such equally ship, infinite, wellness, teaching and culture, consumer protection, environment, inquiry, justice cooperation and foreign policy.
Since 2000, the Eu budget has been adjusted to the arrival of 13 new Member States with various socioeconomic situations and by successive EU strategies to support jobs and growth and enhanced deportment for the younger generation through the Youth Employment Initiative and Erasmus+. In 2015, it has fix up the European Fund for Strategic Investments (EFSI), "so called Juncker plan" allowing to reinforce investments in the European union.
The largest share of the European union upkeep (effectually 70% for the period 2014–2020) goes to agriculture and regional evolution. During the period 2014–2020, the share of European union spending on farming is set at 39%. In 1985, seventy% was spent on farming. Farming'due south relatively large share of the EU budget is due to the fact that it is the only policy funded almost entirely from the common budget. This means that EU spending replaces national expenditure to a large extent.
The 2d share of EU spending goes to regional evolution (34% for the menstruum 2014–2020). EU funding for regional and social evolution is an of import source for key investment projects. In some European union countries that take otherwise limited means, European funding finances upwards to 80% of public investment.[3] However, EU regional spending does not just help poorer regions. Information technology invests in every European union country, supporting the economy of the EU as a whole.
6% of the European union upkeep goes for the administration of all the European Institutions, including staff salaries, pensions, buildings, it, preparation programmes, translation, and the running of the European School system for the provision of educational activity for the children of EU staff.
Adoption and direction [edit]
Upkeep setting procedure [edit]
The Eu upkeep is proposed annually by the European Committee. The proposed annual budget is and then reviewed and negotiated past the Council of the European Union (which represents Fellow member States' governments) and the European Parliament (which represents European union citizens). In order for the budget to exist adopted, consensus of the majority of Member States is required and concluding endorsement by the European Parliament.[four]
The annual budget must remain inside ceilings determined in accelerate by the Multiannual Financial Framework, laid down for a (5 to) vii-twelvemonth period. The Multiannual Fiscal Framework is a long-term spending plan, allowing the European union to plan and invest in long-term projects. It is proposed by the European Commission, and adopted by the council (requiring the unanimous approval of every Member State) with the assent of the European Parliament.
The budget for a year is determined in advance, simply final calculations of payments required from each Member Country are not completed until after the budget year is over, and information nigh the last acquirement and expenditure is available, and correction mechanisms have been applied.
Audit and discharge [edit]
The commission is responsible for implementing the European union budget in cooperation with Member States in line with the principles of sound financial management, i.eastward. funds shall be spent in an effective, efficient and economic style. A control framework has been set up up to provide reasonable balls that European union funds are paid in accordance with the relevant rules, and that measures are taken to forestall, observe and correct errors. In improver, a performance framework has been developed for the European union upkeep, increasing the focus on achieving results.
The Committee reports on how information technology has implemented the budget in various means, most importantly by publishing the Integrated Fiscal Reporting Package, which consists of the annual accounts, the Annual Management and Performance Study, and other accountability reports.[five]
The annual discharge procedure allows the European Parliament and the council to concur the Commission politically answerable for the implementation of the European union budget. The European Parliament decides, after a recommendation past the council, on whether or not to provide its concluding approval, known as 'granting discharge', to the style the Commission implemented the European union upkeep in a given year. When granted, it leads to the formal closure of the accounts of the institution for a given year.
When deciding whether to grant, postpone or refuse the belch, the Parliament takes into consideration the Integrated Financial Reporting Packet prepared by the Commission forth with the European Courtroom of Auditors' Annual Report on how the upkeep has been spent and any relevant Special Reports from the Court. More particularly, every year the European Court of Auditors,[half-dozen] which is the European Marriage'south independent external auditor, examines the reliability of accounts, whether all revenue has been received and all expenditure incurred in a lawful and regular manner, and whether the fiscal management has been sound.
The European Court of Auditors has signed off the European Union accounts every yr since 2007. In Oct 2018, the European Courtroom of Auditors gave the EU annual accounts a clean beak of health[vii] for the 11th year in a row, finding them true and fair. The Courtroom has given, for a second year in a row, a qualified stance on the 2017 payments. The study thus shows farther improvements in terms of compliance and operation, and confirms that the commission is on the right path. While a clean opinion ways that the figures are true and fair, a qualified opinion means that in that location are minor bug still to be fixed. If Member States or final beneficiaries are found to spend Eu money incorrectly, the Commission takes corrective measures. In 2017, the Commission recovered €2.8 billion, equal to two.one% of the payments to the EU upkeep. Therefore, the bodily corporeality at risk is beneath the 2% threshold, in one case corrections and recoveries take been taken into account.2% of whatever public upkeep is very high notwithstanding hence the qualification.
Future long-term upkeep [edit]
[8]
On ii May 2018, the European Commission presented its proposal for 2021-2027 multiannual financial framework "A modern budget for a Union that protects, empowers and defends"[eight] to the European Parliament, the council, the European Economic and Social Commission and the Commission of the Regions.
The Commission proposed to increment the funding for research, youth, climate action, migration and borders, security and external actions.
It calls for a modernistic, unproblematic and flexible budget.
Modernistic: The Committee proposes to further cut crimson tape for beneficiaries and managing authorities past making rules more coherent on the basis of a single rulebook.
Simple: The construction of the upkeep will be clearer and more closely aligned with the Union'south priorities. The Commission proposes to reduce the number of programmes by more than a tertiary (from 58 currently to 37 in the future), bringing funding sources together and radically streamlining the use of fiscal instruments.
Flexible: The commission's proposal includes increased flexibility within and between programmes, to better manage crunch, tackle unforeseen events, and respond to emergencies in areas such every bit security and migration.
Revenue [edit]
Sources of income [edit]
Pie chart showing Eu revenue sources (2017)[9]
VAT-based resources (12.two%)
GNI-based resources (56.1%)
Traditional ain resource (14.seven%)
Other (12.4%)
Surplus from 2016 (4.vi%)
The EU obtains its revenue from iv main sources:
- Traditional own resources, comprising community duties on imports from outside the EU and saccharide levies;
- VAT-based resources, comprising a per centum (0.iii% except Frg, Netherlands and Sweden that utilise 0.xv%) of Member Land'due south standardised value added tax (VAT) base;
- GNI-based resource, comprising a pct (around 0.vii%) of each member state's gross national income (GNI);
- Other revenue, including taxes from EU staff salaries, depository financial institution interest, fines and contributions from 3rd countries;
- Own resources equally levies nerveless by the Eu.
Traditional own resources [edit]
[9]
Traditional ain resources are taxes raised on behalf of the EU every bit a whole, principally import duties on goods brought into the Eu. These are nerveless by the Fellow member States and passed on to the EU. Fellow member States are immune to go on a proportion of the duty to cover administration (20%), 25% every bit per 2021. The European Committee operates a organisation of inspections to control the collection of these duties in Member States and thus ensure compliance with the European Spousal relationship rules.
In 2017, the European union's revenue from customs duties was €20,325 1000000 (fourteen.6% of its full revenue). A product accuse paid by saccharide producers brought in acquirement of €134 million. The full revenue from TORs (community duties and sugar levies) was €20,459 million (14.vii% of the European union's total revenue).
Countries are liable to brand good any loss of revenue due to their ain administrative failure.
VAT-based own resource [edit]
[10]
The VAT-based ain resource is a source of Eu revenue based on the proportion of VAT levied in each member state. VAT rates and exemptions vary in different countries, so a formula is used to create the so-called "harmonised VAT base", upon which the European union charge is levied. The starting indicate for calculations is the total VAT raised in a country. This is then adapted using a weighted boilerplate rate of VAT rates applying in that country, producing the intermediate tax base. Farther adjustments are made where in that location is a derogation from the VAT directive allowing certain goods to be exempt. The tax base is capped, such that information technology may not exist greater than fifty% of a Fellow member Land's gross national income (GNI). In 2017, eight Member States saw their VAT contribution reduced thanks to this 50% cap (Estonia, Republic of croatia, Cyprus, Luxembourg, Republic of malta, Poland, Portugal and Slovenia).
Member countries by and large pay 0.3% of their harmonised VAT base into the budget, but at that place are some exceptions. The charge per unit for Germany, the Netherlands and Sweden is 0.fifteen% for the 2014-2020 period, while Austria also had a reduced rate in the 2007-2013 menses.
The EU'southward total revenue from the VAT own resource was 16,947 million euros (12.ii% of total acquirement) in 2017.
Member States are required to transport a argument of VAT revenues to the EU before July after the end of the upkeep yr. The European union examines the submission for accurateness, including inspection visits past officials from the Directorate-Full general for Budget and Eurostat, who written report back to the country concerned.
The country has a legal obligation to respond to any issues raised in the report, and discussions keep until both sides are satisfied, or the thing may be referred to the European Court of Justice for a last ruling. The Advisory Committee on Own Resources (ACOR), which has representatives from each Member State, gives its opinion where Fellow member States have asked for authorisations to go out sure calculations out of account or to utilize judge estimates. The ACOR also receives and discusses the inspection results. In 2018, xv inspections were reported by inspectors to the ACOR. It is anticipated that 12 countries will be visited in 2019.
GNI-based own resource [edit]
[9]
National contributions from the Member States are the largest source of the European union budget and are calculated based on gross national income. The Gross National Income (GNI)-based resource is an 'additional' resources that provides the revenue required to embrace expenditure in excess of the amount financed past traditional ain resources, VAT-based contributions and other acquirement in any year.
The GNI-based resource ensures that the general budget of the Wedlock is always initially balanced.
The GNI telephone call rate is determined by the boosted revenue needed to finance the budgeted expenditure not covered by the other resource (VAT-based payments, traditional own resource and other acquirement). Thus a uniform phone call rate is applied to the GNI of each of the Member States.
Due to this roofing machinery the rate to be applied to the Fellow member States' gross national income varies from one fiscal year to some other.
Present this resources represents the largest source of acquirement of the EU Budget (generally around lxx% of the full financing). In 2017, due to the higher than usual other revenues and surplus from the previous year the charge per unit of call of GNI was 0.5162548% and the total amount of the GNI resource levied was €78,620 million (representing 56.half-dozen% of total revenue). In 2017, Denmark, the Netherlands and Sweden benefited from an annual gross reduction in their GNI-based contribution (of respectively €130 1000000, €695 million and €185 million – all amounts are expressed in 2011 prices).
The full corporeality of own resources that may be collected for the European union Budget from Member States in any given year is limited with reference to Member States' GNI. Currently, the full amount of own resources allocated to the Spousal relationship to cover annual appropriations for payments cannot exceed 1.20% of the sum of all the Member States' GNI.
The GNI for own resource purposes [eleven] is calculated by National Statistical Institutes according to European constabulary governing the sources and methods to compile GNI and the manual of GNI data and related methodological information to the commission (Eurostat). Bones information must be provided past the countries concerned to Eurostat before 22 September in the twelvemonth following the budget year concerned.
Eurostat carries out information visits to the National Statistical Institutes forming part of the European Statistical Organization. Based on assessment reports by Eurostat, the Directorate-General for Budget of the Commission may notify to the Permanent Representative of the Fellow member Land concerned required corrections and improvements in the form of reservations on the Member State's GNI information. Payments are made monthly by Member States to the commission. Ain resources payments are made monthly. Custom duties are made available by Member States afterward their collection. Payments of VAT- and GNI-based resources are based upon the upkeep estimates fabricated for that yr, subject to afterward correction.
Other revenue [edit]
[9]
Other acquirement accounted for 12.4% of EU acquirement in 2017. This includes taxation and other deductions from EU staff remunerations, contributions from non-Eu countries to certain programmes (eastward.g. relating to research), interest on late payments and fines, and other diverse items.
As the residuum from the previous yr's budget is normally positive in comparing to the upkeep estimates, in that location is usually a surplus at the end of the year. This positive divergence is returned to the Fellow member States in the form of reduced contributions the following year.
Own resource [edit]
Every bit per the 2021-2027 menstruum a organisation of own resources will be introduced relying on levies collected by the European union.[12]
Correction mechanisms [edit]
The EU budget has had a number of correction mechanisms designed to re-rest contributions by certain member states:[13]
- The United kingdom of great britain and northern ireland rebate, which reimbursed the UK by 66%[ citation needed ] of the deviation between its contributions to the upkeep and the expenditures received by the United kingdom of great britain and northern ireland. This rebate was not paid to the UK, merely was rather deducted from the corporeality the UK was due to pay. The effect of this rebate was to increase contributions required from all other member states, to make upwards the loss from the overall budget. Austria, Germany, holland and Sweden all had their contributions to make upwards for the Great britain rebate capped to 25% of their base contributions. As of the UK's departure from the EU, the rebate is no longer in effect.
- Lump-sum payments to reduce annual GNI contributions for Austria, Denmark, the Netherlands and Sweden in the 2014-2020 budget (€60 million, €130 one thousand thousand, €695 million and €185 million respectively). (Austria'southward reduction expired in 2016.)
- A reduced VAT call rate of 0.15% (versus the regular charge per unit of 0.xxx%) for Deutschland, the netherlands and Sweden in the 2014-2020 budget.
The United kingdom withdrawal from the European Union has led the EU to reconsider its funding mechanisms, with the rebates probable to change.[14] European Commissioner for Budget and Man Resources Günther Oettinger has stated that "I want to propose a budget framework that does not but do without the female parent of all rebates [the U.K.'s] only without all of its children too".[15] The Multiannual Financial Framework for the 2021-2027 period volition shift €53.2 billion every bit national rebates to Germany and the frugal Four funded by the Member States according to their GNI.[xvi]
Expenditure [edit]
2014 EU expenditure in millions of euros (total: 142,496 one thousand thousand)
Growth (including infrastructure projects) (47.01%)
Natural resource (including CAP) (38.80%)
Security and citizenship (1.64%)
EU as a global partner (6.12%)
Administration (6.43%)
Compensations (0.003%)
Proportional outgoings [edit]
Approximately 94% of the EU upkeep funds programmes and projects both inside fellow member states and exterior the European union.[17] Less than 7% of the budget is used for administrative costs, and less than 3% is spent on European union ceremonious servants' salaries.[xviii]
2014–2020 period [edit]
For the catamenia 2014–2020, the Eu budget is used for six main categories of expenditure[19]
- Growth (aimed at enhancing competitiveness for growth and jobs and economic, social and territorial cohesion)
- Natural resources (roofing the mutual agricultural and mutual fisheries policies, and rural and environmental measures)
- Security and citizenship (roofing justice, edge protection, immigration and asylum, public health, consumer protection and civilization)
- Foreign policy (including development assistance or humanitarian assistance exterior the Eu)
- Assistants (covering all the European institutions, pensions and the European School system)
- Compensations (temporary payments to Croatia)
2021–2027 menstruum [edit]
MFF and NGEU expenditures
The European union upkeep for the 2021–2027 period has expenditures of €1,074.3 billion.[ii] It goes together with the Adjacent Generation EU recovery bundle of €750 billion in grants and loans over the period 2021–2024 to meet the unparalleled economic claiming of the COVID-nineteen pandemic.[xx]
Funding by member states [edit]
Net receipts or contributions vary over fourth dimension, and at that place are various ways of calculating internet contributions to the European union budget, depending, for instance, on whether countries' administrative expenditure is included. As well, one can use either absolute figures, the proportion of gross national income (GNI), or per capita amounts. Different countries may tend to favour different methods, to present their country in a more favourable light.[ citation needed ]
EU-27 contributions (2007–13) [edit]
Note: in this budget flow, "EU 27" meant the 27 member states prior to the accession of Croatia.
| Member country | Full national contributions[21] (€ millions) | Share of total Eu contributions[21] (%) | Average net contributions[22] (€ millions) | Average net contributions[22] (% of GNI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
 Austria | 16,921 | two.l | 733 | 0.24 |
 Belgium | 22,949 | 3.xvi | 1,303 | 0.35 |
 Bulgaria | 2,294 | 0.32 | -873 | -2.33 |
 Cyprus | one,077 | 0.xv | 0 | 0 |
 Czechia | eight,995 | 1.24 | -ane,931 | -one.32 |
 Kingdom of denmark | 15,246 | 2.x | 853 | 0.34 |
 Estonia | ane,001 | 0.14 | -515 | -iii.three |
 Finland | 11,995 | ane.65 | 464 | 0.24 |
 France | 128,839 | 17.76 | 5,914 | 0.29 |
 Frg | 144,350 | xix.90 | 9,507 | 0.35 |
 Greece | 14,454 | i.99 | -4,706 | -two.23 |
 Hungary | v,860 | 0.81 | -two,977 | -3.14 |
 Ireland | ix,205 | 1.27 | -474 | -0.32 |
 Italy | 98,475 | 13.57 | 4,356 | 0.27 |
 Latvia | 1,323 | 0.eighteen | -651 | -3.07 |
 Lithuania | 1,907 | 0.26 | -ane,269 | -iv.22 |
 Luxembourg | 1,900 | 0.26 | 75 | 0.28 |
 Malta | 0,392 | 0.05 | -0,49 | -0.75 |
 Netherlands | 27,397 | 3.78 | two,073 | 0.33 |
 Poland | 22,249 | 3.07 | -8,508 | -2.42 |
 Portugal | 10,812 | i.49 | -3,196 | -1.89 |
 Romania | 8,019 | one.11 | -i,820 | -1.38 |
 Slovakia | 4,016 | 0.55 | -1,040 | -1.56 |
 Slovenia | 2,303 | 0.32 | -337 | -0.94 |
 Spain | 66,343 | 9.xv | -iii,114 | -0.29 |
 Sweden | xix,464 | 2.68 | 1,318 | 0.32 |
 United Kingdom | 77,655 | x.lxx | iv,872 | 0.25 |
Eu-28 contributions (2014) [edit]
| Member state | Member state contribution[24] (€ mil) | Full fellow member state contributions incl. TOR[25] (€ mil) | Total EU expenditure in fellow member land (€ mil) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Belgium | iii,660.2 | 5,232.vii | 7,044.3 |
| Bulgaria | 403.9 | 460.five | two,255.four |
| Czechia | 1,308.eight | 1,506.seven | 4,377.ii |
| Kingdom of denmark | 2,213.4 | 2,507.6 | 1,511.7 |
| Frg | 25,815.ix | 29,143.0 | 11,484.v |
| Estonia | 178.2 | 200.4 | 667.6 |
| Ireland | i,425.1 | one,650.6 | i,563.1 |
| Greece | ane,826.6 | ane,949.viii | 7,095.0 |
| Spain | nine,978.ane | eleven,111.0 | 11,538.5 |
| France | nineteen,573.6 | twenty,967.7 | 13,479.1 |
 Republic of croatia | 387.2 | 429.8 | 584.3 |
| Italy | fourteen,368.2 | 15,888.half dozen | 10,695.2 |
| Cyprus | 142.eight | 160.6 | 272.9 |
| Latvia | 244.1 | 270.0 | 1,062.2 |
| Lithuania | 320.4 | 384.7 | 1,885.9 |
| Luxembourg | 232.1 | 246.ii | one,713.nine |
| Hungary | 890.three | 995.8 | 6,620.2 |
| Republic of malta | 65.7 | 76.1 | 254.9 |
| Netherlands | 6,391.0 | 8,372.seven | ii,014.iv |
| Austria | 2,690.9 | 2,869.v | 1,572.vi |
| Poland | 3,526.five | 3,954.6 | 17,436.1 |
| Portugal | one,636.9 | 1,747.9 | iv,943.0 |
| Romania | 1,353.ane | 1,458.9 | 5,943.9 |
| Slovenia | 326.8 | 385.0 | 1,142.5 |
| Slovakia | 625.1 | 720.2 | 1,668.eight |
| Republic of finland | one,777.2 | i,904.1 | 1,061.ix |
| Sweden | 3,828.2 | 4,294.3 | 1,691.0 |
| United Kingdom | 11,341.six | fourteen,072.3 | 6,984.7 |
Encounter also [edit]
- United kingdom rebate
- Economy of the European Marriage
- European Green Deal
- Mutual Agronomical Policy
- Mutual Fisheries Policy
- Regional policy of the European Spousal relationship
- European Anti-Fraud Role
- Directorate-Full general for Budget
References [edit]
- ^ © European union, Integrated Financial Reporting Packet Overview, Fiscal year 2017. 2018. https://europa.eu/!hK34QQ
- ^ a b European Quango conclusions, 10-11 Dec 2020 Retrieved xv January 2021.
- ^ European Structural and Investment Funds
- ^ How is the EU budget prepared? European Committee website
- ^ Integrated Fiscal Reporting Package
- ^ European Court of Auditors
- ^ European Court of Auditors signs off EU accounts for 11th time in a row
- ^ a b EU upkeep for the future, European Commission website, https://europa.eu/!tk76Vk
- ^ a b c d © European Matrimony, Revenue section, Eu Budget 2017 Financial Report, 2018. https://europa.eu/!hy73fY
- ^ © European Union, Revenue department, EU Budget 2017 Financial Report, 2018. https://europa.eu/!hy73fY https://europa.eu/!hy73fY
- ^ "Statistics Explained". ec.europa.eu . Retrieved 15 Apr 2019.
- ^ Charles Michel (2020). MFF-typhoon (PDF) . Retrieved 15 January 2021.
- ^ "The European union's ain resource". Europa. European Commission. Retrieved 22 Oct 2015.
- ^ "Brexit Fallout Could End Rebates for All European union States, Kingdom of denmark Says". Bloomberg L.P. 20 September 2016. Retrieved 24 June 2017.
- ^ DELCKER, JANOSCH (6 January 2017). "Oettinger wants to scrap all rebates in post-Brexit EU budget". Retrieved 24 September 2017.
- ^ Special meeting of the European Council, 17-21 July 2020 – paragraph A30. Retrieved 15 November 2020.
- ^ "FAQ 6. Where does the money become?". Europa. Europa. Retrieved 22 Oct 2015.
- ^ "FAQ 7. How much goes on administration?". Europa. Europa. Retrieved 22 October 2015.
- ^ Financial framework proposed by the European Commission
- ^ Special European Quango, 17-21 July 2020 – Primary results Retrieved 15 January 2021.
- ^ a b Cipriani, Gabriele (2014). Financing the EU Budget (PDF). Centre for European Policy Studies. ISBN978-one-78348-330-3 . Retrieved 22 Oct 2015.
- ^ a b "EU expenditure and revenue 2007-2013". Europa. European Commission. Retrieved 22 October 2015.
- ^ European union expenditure spreadsheet
- ^ VAT ain contributions plus GNI own contributions minus (U.k. rebate; lump sum payments to Netherlands and Sweden; JHA adjustment for Denmark, Ireland, UK). See citation 29 for breakdown
- ^ See 'traditional ain resource'.
External links [edit]
- OpenSpending Project'southward "Where Does the EU's Money Get? – A Guide to the Data"
- Multi-annual Fiscal Framework 2014–2020 European union Commission website on the long-term budget proposals
- The European Parliament's Budget Focus Data near the 2011 Budget
- European Commission > Financial Programming and Budget
- Interview with EP Budget discharge rapporteur, European Parliament website (12 November 2008)
- Europe plans vast contingency fund, racing to contain crunch
- Iain Begg: An EU Revenue enhancement: Overdue Reform or Federalist Fantasy?, Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung, February 2011, PDF 140 KB
Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Budget_of_the_European_Union
0 Response to "The United States Spends Less Money on Federal Arts Funding Than Any Country in the European Union"
Post a Comment